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Manual page for ROUTE(8C)

route - manually manipulate the routing tables

SYNOPSIS

/usr/etc/route [ -fn ] add|delete [ host|net ] destination [ gateway [ metric ] ]

AVAILABILITY

This program is available with the Networking software installation option. Refer to [a manual with the abbreviation INSTALL] for information on how to install optional software.

DESCRIPTION

route manually manipulates the network routing tables normally maintained by the system routing daemon, routed.8c or through default routes and redirect messages from routers. route allows the super-user to operate directly on the routing table for the specific host or network indicated by destination. The gateway argument, if present, indicates the network gateway to which packets should be addressed. The metric argument indicates the number of ``hops'' to the destination. The metric is required for add commands; it must be zero if the destination is on a directly-attached network, and nonzero if the route utilizes one or more gateways.

The add command instructs route to add a route to destination. delete deletes a route.

Routes to a particular host must be distinguished from those to a network. The optional keywords net and host force the destination to be interpreted as a network or a host, respectively. Otherwise, if the destination has a ``local address part'' of INADDR_ANY, then the route is assumed to be to a network; otherwise, it is presumed to be a route to a host. If the route is to a destination connected by a gateway, the metric parameter should be greater than 0. If adding a route with metric 0, the gateway given is the address of this host on the common network, indicating the interface to be used directly for transmission. All symbolic names specified for a destination or gateway are looked up in the hosts database using gethostbyname() (see gethostent.3n If this lookup fails, then the name is looked up in the networks database using getnetbyname() (see getnetent.3n ``default'' is also a valid destination, which is used for all routes if there is no specific host or network route.

OPTIONS

-f: Flush the routing tables of all gateway entries. If this is used in conjunction with one of the commands described above, route flushes the gateways before performing the command.
-n: Prevents attempts to print host and network names symbolically when reporting actions. This is useful, for example, when all name servers are down on your local net, so you need a route before you can contact the name server.

FILES

/etc/hosts
/etc/networks

DIAGNOSTICS

add [ host|net] destination:gateway: The specified route is being added to the tables. The values printed are from the routing table entry supplied in the ioctl.2 call.
delete [ host|net] destination:gateway: The specified route is being deleted.
destinationdone: When the -f flag is specified, each routing table entry deleted is indicated with a message of this form.
Network is unreachable: An attempt to add a route failed because the gateway listed was not on a directly-connected network. Give the next-hop gateway instead.
not in table: A delete operation was attempted for an entry that is not in the table.
routing table overflow: An add operation was attempted, but the system was unable to allocate memory to create the new entry.