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This section describes device drivers, high-speed network interfaces, and protocols available under SunOS. The system provides drivers for a variety of hardware devices, such as disks, magnetic tapes, serial communication lines, mice, and frame buffers, as well as virtual devices such as pseudo-terminals and windows. SunOS provides hardware support and a network interface for the 10-Megabit Ethernet, along with interfaces for the IP protocol family and a STREAMS-based Network Interface Tap (NIT) facility.
In addition to describing device drivers that are supported by the 4.3BSD operating system, this section contains subsections that describe:
The SunOS kernel can be configured to include or omit many of the device drivers described in this section. The CONFIG section of the manual page gives the line(s) to include in the kernel configuration file for each machine architecture on which a device is supported. If no specific architectures are indicated, the configuration syntax applies to all Sun systems.
The GENERIC kernel is the default configuration for SunOS. It contains all of the optional drivers for a given machine architecture. See config.8 for details on configuring a new SunOS kernel.
The manual page for a device driver may also include a DIAGNOSTICS section, listing error messages that the driver might produce. Normally, these messages are logged to the appropriate system log using the kernel's standard message-buffering mechanism (see syslogd.8 they may also appear on the system console.
Various special functions, such as querying or altering the operating characteristics of a device, are performed by supplying appropriate parameters to the ioctl.2 system call. These parameters are often referred to as ``ioctls.'' Ioctls for a specific device are presented in the manual page for that device. Ioctls that pertain to a class of devices are listed in a manual page with a name that suggests the class of device, and ending in `io', such as mtio.4 for magnetic tape devices, or dkio.4s for disk controllers. In addition, some ioctls operate directly on higher-level objects such as files, terminals, sockets, and streams:
Device drivers present in every kernel include:
Serial communication lines are normally supported by the terminal driver; see tty.4 This driver manages serial lines provided by communications drivers, such as those described in mti.4s and zs.4s The terminal driver also handles serial lines provided by virtual terminals, such as the Sun console monitor described in console.4s and true pseudo-terminals, described in pty.4
Drivers for the following disk controllers provide standard block and raw interfaces under SunOS:
Ioctls to query or set a disk's geometry and partitioning are described in dkio.4s
Magnetic tape devices supported by SunOS include those described in ar.4s tm.4s st.4s and xt.4s Ioctls for all tape-device drivers are described in mtio.4s
Frame buffer devices include color frame buffers described in the cg*.4s and gt.4s manual pages, monochrome frame buffers described in the bw*.4s manual pages, graphics processor interfaces described in the gp*.4s manual pages, and an indirect device for the console frame buffer described in fb.4s Ioctls for all frame-buffer devices are described in fbio.4s
Miscellaneous devices include the console keyboard described in kbd.4s the console mouse described in mouse.4s window devices described in win.4s and the DES encryption-chip interface described in des.4s
SunOS supports the 10-Megabit Ethernet as its primary network interface; see ie.4s and le.4s for details. However, a software loopback interface, lo.4 is also supported. General properties of these network interfaces are described in if.4n along with the ioctls that operate on them.
Support for network routing is described in routing.4n
SunOS supports both socket-based and STREAMS-based network communications. The Internet protocol family, described in inet.4f is the primary protocol family primary supported by SunOS, although the system can support a number of others. The raw interface provides low-level services, such as packet fragmentation and reassembly, routing, addressing, and basic transport for socket-based implementations. Facilities for communicating using an Internet-family protocol are generally accessed by specifying the AF_INET address family when binding a socket; see socket.2 for details.
Major protocols in the Internet family include:
The Network Interface Tap (NIT) protocol, described in nit.4p is a STREAMS-based facility for accessing the network at the link level.
Name Appears on Page Description alm mcp(4S) ALM-2 Asynchronous Line Multiplexer ar ar(4S) Archive 1/4 inch Streaming Tape Drive arp arp(4P) Address Resolution Protocol atbus mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space audio audio(4 ) telephone quality audio device bwtwo bwtwo(4S) black and white memory frame buffer cdromio cdromio(4S) CDROM control operations cgeight cgeight(4S) 24-bit color memory frame buffer cgfour cgfour(4S) Sun-3 color memory frame buffer cgnine cgnine(4S) 24-bit VME color memory frame buffer cgsix cgsix(4S) accelerated 8-bit color frame buffer cgthree cgthree(4S) 8-bit color memory frame buffer cgtwelve cgtwelve(4S) 24-bit SBus color memory frame buffer cgtwo cgtwo(4S) color graphics interface console console(4S) console driver and terminal emulator db db(4M) SunDials STREAMS module des des(4S) DES encryption chip interface dkio dkio(4S) generic disk control operations drum drum(4) paging device eeprom mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space fb fb(4S) driver for Sun console frame buffer fbio fbio(4S) frame buffer control operations fd fd(4S) Disk driver for Floppy Disk Controllers filio filio(4) ioctls that operate directly on files, file descriptors, and sockets fpa fpa(4S) Sun-3 floating-point accelerator gpone gpone(4S) graphics processor gt gt(4S) double buffered 24-bit SBus graphics accelerator icmp icmp(4P) Internet Control Message Protocol id id(4S) disk driver for IPI disk controllers ie ie(4S) Intel 10 Mb/s Ethernet interface if if(4N) general properties of network interfaces inet inet(4F) Internet protocol family ip ip(4P) Internet Protocol ipi ipi(4S) IPI driver is is(4S) IPI channel driver for Sun IPI string controllers kb kb(4M) Sun keyboard STREAMS module kbd kbd(4S) Sun keyboard kmem mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space ldterm ldterm(4M) standard terminal STREAMS module le le(4S) LANCE 10Mb/s Ethernet interface lo lo(4N) software loopback network interface lofs lofs(4S) loopback virtual file system mcp mcp(4S) MCP Multiprotocol Communications Processor mem mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space mouse mouse(4S) Sun mouse ms ms(4M) Sun mouse STREAMS module mti mti(4S) Systech MTI-800/1600 multi-terminal interface mtio mtio(4) general magnetic tape interface NFS nfs(4P) network file system nit nit(4P) Network Interface Tap nit_buf nit_buf(4M) STREAMS NIT buffering module nit_if nit_if(4M) STREAMS NIT device interface module nif_pf nit_pf(4M) STREAMS NIT packet filtering module null null(4) data sink openprom openprom(4S) PROM monitor configuration interface pp pp(4 ) Centronics-compatible parallel printer port pty pty(4) pseudo-terminal driver rfs rfs(4) remote file sharing service root root(4S) pseudo-driver for Sun386i root disk routing routing(4N) system supporting for local network packet routing sbus mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space sd sd(4S) driver for SCSI disk devices sockio sockio(4) ioctls that operate directly on sockets sr sr(4S) driver for CDROM SCSI controller st st(4S) driver for SCSI tape devices streamio streamio(4) STREAMS ioctl commands taac taac(4S) Sun applications accelerator tcp tcp(4P) Internet Transmission Control Protocol tcptli tcptli(4P) TLI-Conforming TCP Stream-Head termio termio(4) general terminal interface tfs tfs(4S) translucent file service tm tm(4S) Tapemaster 1/2 inch tape controller tmpfs tmpfs(4S) memory based filesystem ttcompat ttcompat(4M) V7 and 4BSD STREAMS compatibility module tty tty(4) controlling terminal interface udp udp(4P) Internet User Datagram Protocol unix unix(4F) UNIX domain protocol family vd vd(4) loadable modules interface vme16d16 mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space vme16d32 mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space vme24d16 mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space vme24d32 mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space vme32d16 mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space vme32d32 mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space vpc vpc(4S) Systech VPC-2200 Versatec printer/plotter vx vx(4S) Sun applications accelerator win win(4S) Sun window system xd xd(4S) Disk driver for Xylogics 7053 SMD Disk Controller xt xt(4S) Xylogics 472 1/2 inch tape controller xy xy(4S) Disk driver for Xylogics 450 and 451 SMD Disk Controllers zero mem(4S) main memory and bus I/O space zero zero(4S) source of zeroes zs zs(4S) Zilog 8530 SCC serial communications driver
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